Senior High School in Japan: What Foreign Parents Must Know

/ School and Education

As foreign parents raising children in Japan, we often find ourselves wondering: What exactly do we need to know about Senior High School in Japan? How do junior high grades affect entrance opportunities? What kinds of exams will our children face? What school options—academic, vocational, or comprehensive—are truly available to them? These questions are more than just concerns; they are the keys to unlocking our children’s future. Knowing the answers beforehand makes us more prepared and confident in guiding them, even when the system feels overwhelming or unfamiliar. Recently, I had the privilege of attending the Career Guidance for Foreign Roots Students. I felt immense gratitude for the support and care that truly exist for families like ours. I would like to sincerely thank the City Government of Tajimi City and the Board of Education for creating this space of encouragement. For us parents, this kind of guidance is more than information—it is hope. It tells us that our children can not only dream big, but also find the courage to build their future here with confidence. It is a gentle reminder that we are not walking this journey alone. And for us parents, a gentle reassurance in moments when we feel uncertain about how to guide our children through unfamiliar paths.

May this guide make you more informed and gain more confidence to guide your children in entering Senior High School.

Understanding Japan’s Education System

Table of Contents

In Japan, the school system follows a consistent structure nationwide, so families can feel reassured that the basic framework of education is uniform across the country.

From the age of 6 to 15, children go through what is called compulsory education. This covers elementary school (shōgakkō) and junior high school (chūgakkō). During this stage, parents don’t have to worry about paying tuition fees or even for textbooks—these are all covered by the government. The idea is simple: every child, regardless of background, has the right to receive a solid foundation of learning.

Once children turn 15, the path changes. Compulsory education ends, and moving forward to senior high school (kōtōgakkō) or specialized schools is optional. But here’s an important point: in reality, around 99% of students in Japan continue to senior high school. It has become the natural next step for almost all families, and for foreign parents, it’s good to know that this transition is not unusual—it’s the norm.

To enter senior high school, students must take entrance exams. The results of these exams determine which schools they can attend. Unlike elementary and junior high school, senior high school is not automatically free, but there is good news: depending on household income, tuition fees can be waived. This system ensures that financial barriers don’t stop children from pursuing further education.

That said, families should still prepare for certain expenses. Textbooks, learning materials, uniforms, and other costs are the responsibility of the parents. This is one of the key differences compared to compulsory education, where almost everything was covered. While it might feel overwhelming, knowing this ahead of time gives us, as parents, the chance to plan, budget, and guide our children more confidently through this important stage.

Japan’s education system is often praised for its structure, discipline, and high standards. For foreign parents raising children here, it’s important to understand how the journey unfolds—from the earliest years of childcare to the critical transition into Senior High School, which is the focus of this guide.

Hoikuen and Yochien (Daycare and Kindergarten)

The journey usually begins with early childhood education. Families may choose between Hoikuen (保育園), which functions as daycare and accepts children from infancy up to around age five, and Yochien (幼稚園), which is more like a kindergarten and begins at age three. While Hoikuen is overseen by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare and focuses more on care (especially for working parents), Yochien falls under the Ministry of Education and blends play with structured learning. For foreign families, enrolling children in these programs is a wonderful way to help them adapt to the Japanese language and culture early on, making later transitions into school life much smoother.

Elementary School (Shougakkou 小学校)

Elementary school is compulsory and lasts for six years, beginning at age six. The focus here is not only on academics—such as Japanese, Math, Science, and Social Studies—but also on building character, teamwork, and social responsibility. Children participate in daily routines like cleaning classrooms, serving lunch, and joining school events. For foreign students, this stage is crucial, as it builds the foundation of Japanese language skills, social interaction, and a sense of belonging in the school community.

Junior High School (Chuugakkou 中学校)

After elementary school, children move into junior high, which lasts for three years. This stage is also compulsory and extremely important, as it lays the groundwork for what comes next: Senior High School. The subjects become more rigorous, with stronger emphasis on Mathematics, Science, English, and Japanese literature. Students also begin preparing for high school entrance exams, which means grades and performance in junior high carry significant weight. Teachers keep detailed records of academic achievement, behavior, attendance, and extracurricular involvement—all of which may be considered during the high school application process. For foreign students, this can feel challenging, especially when language barriers exist, but many schools offer additional support to help them succeed.

Senior High School (Koukou 高校)

Senior High School in Japan is not compulsory, but nearly 98.7% of junior high graduates continue on to high school because it is seen as essential for higher education and employment opportunities. This is the stage where decisions about your child’s future paths become more defined.

  • Entrance Exams and Requirements: Admission to senior high is highly competitive, depending on the prefecture and school. Public schools often hold prefecture-wide entrance exams that test Japanese, math, English, science, and social studies. Private schools may have their own exams, sometimes including interviews and essays. Junior high school grades, teacher evaluations, and overall records play a critical role in admissions.
  • Types of High Schools: Students may enter general academic high schools (preparing them for university), vocational/technical schools (focusing on skills like commerce, agriculture, or industry), or comprehensive schools that allow students to choose specialized study tracks. Some schools also offer part-time or correspondence programs, giving more flexibility.
  • School Life: High school life in Japan is demanding but rewarding. Students typically study longer hours, often attending cram schools (juku) after classes to prepare for university entrance. Club activities continue to be a major part of life, fostering friendships and personal growth.
  • Foreign Students: For children of foreign parents, many prefectures—including Gifu—offer additional support. Some schools provide guidance for non-native speakers, allow the use of dictionaries in exams, or have special quotas to make education more accessible.

Why This System Matters for Parents

Understanding this structure is more than just knowing the stages—it allows you to prepare ahead. Knowing how junior high grades affect senior high placement helps you support your child with the right tools, whether through tutoring, language assistance, or simply encouraging them through school life. And by understanding the role of local education centers like the Gifu Prefectural General Education Center, parents can find resources, consultations, and school listings to guide them through this important transition.

Here’s an Overview of A Parent’s Guide to the Japanese School System

1. Kindergarten / Preschool (Yōchien & Hoikuen)

  • Not compulsory, but most children attend.
  • Focuses on play, social skills, and early learning.
  • Gives children a smooth transition into elementary school.

2. Elementary School (Shōgakkō 小学校)

  • Age: 6 to 12 years old (Grades 1–6).
  • Part of compulsory education.
  • Tuition fees and textbooks are free.
  • Families may need to cover uniforms, school lunch fees, and supplies.
  • Children learn core subjects (Japanese, math, science, social studies, arts, music, PE, and moral education).

3. Junior High School (Chūgakkō 中学校)

  • Age: 13 to 15 years old (Grades 7–9).
  • Also part of compulsory education.
  • Tuition and textbooks remain free.
  • Families cover school lunch, uniforms, and some club activity costs.
  • This stage is crucial—grades, behavior, and test scores here strongly influence senior high school options.

4. Senior High School (Kōtōgakkō 高等学校)

  • Age: 15 to 18 years old (Grades 10–12).
  • Not compulsory, but about 99% of students continue.
  • Entrance exams are required, and results determine which schools students can attend.
  • Tuition fees may be free depending on family income, but parents must cover textbooks, uniforms, and other school-related expenses.
  • Offers different types of courses:
    • General Course (ippan-ka 一般科) – academics for university preparation.
    • Specialized Courses (senmon-ka 専門科) – vocational or technical training.
    • Integrated Courses (sōgō-ka 総合科) – mix of general and specialized subjects.

5. Higher Education (Optional)

  • After high school, students may choose:
    • University (Daigaku 大学) – 4 years.
    • Junior College (Tanki Daigaku 短期大学) – 2–3 years.
    • Vocational or Technical Schools (Senmon Gakkō 専門学校) – focused job training.
    • Colleges of Technology (Kōsen 高専) – engineering and specialized fields.

As foreign parents, knowing this structure helps us prepare step by step, without feeling lost in the process. The biggest transition point is from junior high to senior high school, where grades, scores, and entrance exams truly matter.

Types of High Schools in Japan: Public vs. Private

In Japan, high schools are generally divided into two main categories: public high schools and private high schools. Each has its own distinct features, and understanding these differences is important for parents and students when choosing the best path forward.

1. Public High Schools

Public high schools are run by local governments, such as prefectures or municipalities. A student’s enrollment is often determined by the region or school district where they live, which means many students end up attending the same school as their local friends.

Key Characteristics of Public High Schools:

  • Affordable tuition: Public schools are less expensive compared to private schools. In fact, tuition can sometimes be reduced or even waived depending on the family’s income.
  • Community-based: Students typically attend schools near their homes, creating a strong sense of community and continuity.
  • Varied academic levels: Public schools differ in academic competitiveness. Some schools are highly selective, while others may focus more on general education. Entrance exam results largely determine which school a student can enter.

2. Private High Schools

Private high schools, on the other hand, are independently run by individuals or organizations. Unlike public schools, they are not tied to a student’s place of residence, which gives families more flexibility to choose a school that fits their child’s goals and personality. Each private high school usually has its own unique educational philosophy or specialty.

Key Characteristics of Private High Schools:

  • Higher tuition fees: Private schools are generally more expensive, though many offer scholarships, grants, or financial aid programs to help families.
  • Specialized programs: Some private schools emphasize specific areas, such as English language immersion, science and technology, fine arts, or sports.
  • University preparation: Many private schools have rigorous academic programs aimed at preparing students for competitive universities in Japan and abroad.

As a foreign parent living in Japan, I find this dual system very interesting. Public schools give a sense of security and community since they’re closely connected to the local area, while private schools offer flexibility, specialized programs, and diverse opportunities for children to explore their talents. Japanese parents often weigh these options carefully, considering their child’s strengths, interests, and future goals before making a decision.

The Three Types of High Schools in Japan

In Japan, high schools are not all the same—there are actually three main types, each designed to suit different lifestyles, learning needs, and future goals. While most students attend the traditional full-time track, there are also flexible options for those who need to balance work, family responsibilities, or a different style of learning.

1. Full-Time High School (全日制, zen’nichisei)

This is the most common type of high school in Japan. Classes are held during the day, usually from morning until late afternoon, much like in many countries. Students study here for three years, which is the standard length of Japanese high school education.

Key Points about Full-Time High Schools:

  • Majority choice: Most Japanese students choose this type.
  • Structured learning: Classes follow a fixed schedule every weekday.
  • Balanced education: Students not only study core subjects like Math, Japanese, English, and Science but also take part in club activities, sports, and cultural events.

For many students, this is the “classic” high school experience filled with friendships, uniforms, and memories.

2. Part-Time High School (定時制, teijisei)

Part-time high schools hold classes in the evening, usually starting late in the day and continuing into the night. Students normally study for four years instead of three, but some schools offer systems that allow graduation in three years if enough credits are earned.

This type of school is especially helpful for students who work during the day or have family responsibilities. For example, a teenager may take a part-time job in the morning and afternoon, then head to school in the evening.

Local Example:

In the Tajimi area, students can attend part-time high schools such as Tōno Frontier High School in Toki City or Kamo High School in Minokamo City. These schools provide opportunities for those who need more flexibility than the traditional system offers.

3. Correspondence High School (通信制, tsūshin-sei)

Correspondence high schools allow students to study from home at their own pace. Instead of attending daily classes, students complete coursework by submitting assignments and reports. To earn credits, they may also attend school in person a few times a month for classes, tests, or special activities.

This style of learning is particularly suitable for students who:

  • Have health issues that make daily attendance difficult.
  • They are pursuing other interests, such as professional sports or artistic careers.
  • Prefer a more self-directed and independent study schedule.

Why This Matters for Families and Students

What I personally admire about Japan’s education system is how it recognizes that not all students have the same circumstances or needs. Whether a teenager wants the traditional high school life, needs to balance work and study, or prefers learning independently from home, there’s a pathway for them.

As a foreign parent raising children in Japan, I find it reassuring that there are multiple options. It shows that education here isn’t “one size fits all”—instead, it’s flexible enough to give students a chance to continue learning in a way that fits their life situation.

The Different Academic Programs in Japanese High Schools

In Japan, high schools are divided into three main academic programs (or courses of study), each designed to meet the different goals and career paths of students:

  1. General Course (普通科 – Futsūka)
    • This is the most common track in Japanese high schools.
    • Students in the General Course mainly study academic subjects such as Japanese language, Mathematics, Science, Social Studies, and English.
    • The curriculum is intentionally more advanced than what students studied in junior high school, preparing them for university entrance exams.
    • Since many Japanese students aim to go to college or university, this course is chosen by the majority.
    • Think of it as the “standard” academic high school path that keeps future options open.
  2. Specialized Course (専門学科 – Senmon Gakka)
    • This program focuses on specific fields and vocational training.
    • Examples include:
      • Industrial High Schools – learning about engineering, technology, and mechanics.
      • Agricultural High Schools – studying farming, horticulture, and food production.
      • Commercial High Schools – focused on business, accounting, and commerce.
      • Welfare High Schools – training for careers in social work, nursing, or caregiving.
    • Students in these schools graduate with specialized skills that can lead directly to employment, but they may also pursue further studies in universities or vocational colleges.
    • This is great for students who already have a strong sense of their career direction.
  3. Comprehensive Course (総合学科 – Sōgō Gakka)
    • This is a blend of both the General and Specialized programs.
    • Students can choose from a wider range of subjects, mixing academic courses with vocational training.
    • For example, a student might study Mathematics and English like in the General Course but also take classes in IT, design, or Health care like in a Specialized Course.
    • It gives flexibility for students who want both academic preparation and practical skills.

Other Educational Paths Beyond High School

Apart from standard high schools, Japan also offers additional options for students who want to focus on career-specific training:

  • Specialized Training Colleges (専修学校 – Senshū Gakkō)
    • These schools sometimes offer high school-level programs as well.
    • Students can study areas like fashion design, culinary arts, beauty (hair and makeup), or automobile mechanics.
    • They prepare students directly for careers in those industries.
  • Colleges of Technology (高等専門学校 – Kōtō Senmon Gakkō, or “Kōsen”)
    • These are national institutions that provide a mix of high school and college-level education.
    • They usually offer five-year programs starting after junior high school.
    • Students focus heavily on technical and engineering fields, making it an excellent path for those interested in advanced technical careers.
    • In Gifu Prefecture, there is one such school, and in neighboring Aichi Prefecture, there is also one.

In summary, Japan’s high school system is very diverse compared to many countries. While most students go into the General Course aiming for university, others choose Specialized or Comprehensive Courses depending on their dreams. On top of that, vocational schools and technical colleges give students even more opportunities to pursue careers in areas like fashion, technology, agriculture, or caregiving.

The High School Academic Program 

When choosing a high school, it is very important for students to think carefully about which academic program (学科 / gakuka) they want to pursue. In Japan, high schools are not all the same — they offer different types of courses depending on the students’ goals and interests. Let’s go through some of the main ones:

1. The General Course (普通科 / Futsūka)

This is the most common and traditional track. Students who wish to continue their studies at university usually choose this program. The General Course provides a broad education covering subjects like Japanese, Mathematics, English, Science, and Social Studies. It gives students a strong academic foundation, preparing them for entrance exams and higher education.

2. The Science and Mathematics Course (理数科 / Risūka)

As the name suggests, this course places a stronger emphasis on Science and Math compared to the General Course. Students who are passionate about natural sciences, technology, or mathematics often choose this path. It provides more specialized training and can open doors to university programs in engineering, medicine, and other science-related fields.

3. The Comprehensive Course (総合学科 / Sōgō Gakka)

This course is designed to give students flexibility and choice. Unlike the General or Science track, here students can select subjects that align with their personal interests, talents, and future goals. For example, in addition to standard subjects, they might choose courses in information technology, business, arts and crafts, food studies, or welfare and caregiving. It is ideal for students who are still exploring their strengths and career options, as it allows them to design a more personalized learning path.

4. Specialized High School Programs (専門学科 – Senmon Gakka)

In specialized high school programs, there are various departments that students can choose from depending on their interests and career goals. These include Commerce, Industrial, Agriculture, Food Science, Welfare and Childcare, Information Technology, Fine Arts, Music, International/English, and Design.

Commerce Department

Students in the Commerce Department learn about business management, accounting, and other practical business skills. Many students also challenge themselves to earn professional certifications, which can be useful for future careers in business, finance, or entrepreneurship.

Industrial Department

The Industrial Department focuses on hands-on experience in fields like machinery, electronics, automobiles, aviation, electricity, construction, chemistry, and design. Students perform experiments, workshops, and practical training. Like the Commerce Department, students can pursue various professional certifications to strengthen their skills.

Agriculture Department

Students in the Agriculture Department study plant production, horticulture, animal husbandry, forestry, and environmental science. They can also take exams to earn certifications related to agriculture and natural resources.

Food Science Department

This department focuses on food processing, analysis, and biotechnology. Students can gain specialized knowledge in food science and pursue certifications in biotechnology and related fields.

Welfare and Childcare Department

Students study caregiving, nursing, and childcare. Many aim to acquire certifications such as Certified Care Worker or Childcare Worker. Graduates often continue their studies at vocational schools or universities to further specialize in these areas.

Information Technology Department

This department teaches students advanced digital skills such as web design, computer graphics, animation, and software development. In Gifu Prefecture, the only school offering this department is Kakamino High School.

Fine Arts Department

Students who plan to attend art universities or pursue careers in design and creative fields choose this department. They study painting, sculpture, design, crafts, and other visual arts. Graduates may become illustrators, game designers, or continue to specialized art programs at universities.

Music Department

This department offers courses in vocal performance, piano, string and wind instruments, percussion, and composition. Students often go on to music universities or even study abroad to pursue advanced musical training.

International and English Department

Students learn English and international studies from a global perspective. Many continue their education at international relations or foreign language universities, and some also learn additional languages to expand their global skills.

Design Department

Students study fashion and design, learning both practical skills and professional knowledge. Many challenge themselves to earn certifications in fashion-related fields, which can help them pursue careers in the fashion industry.

Public High Schools Around Tajimi City

In the Tajimi area (Gifu Prefecture), there are several public high schools, each offering different academic courses (学科 / gakuka). Here’s a breakdown:

1. General Course (普通科 / Futsūka)

  • Focus: Standard academic subjects (Japanese, English, math, science, social studies).
  • Purpose: Best for students aiming for university entrance or wanting a broad education.

Schools:

・八百津高校 (Yaotsu HS)・東濃高校 (Tōnō HS)・可児高校 (Kani HS)

多治見高校 (Tajimi HS)・多治見北高校 (Tajimi Kita HS)・瑞浪高校 (Mizunami HS)

恵那高校 (Ena HS)・中津高校 (Nakatsu HS)

2. Science and Mathematics Course (理数科 / Risūka)

  • Focus: Advanced science and math studies.
  • Purpose: For students planning careers in science, medicine, or engineering.

Schools:

加茂高校 (Kamo HS)・恵那高校 (Ena HS)

3. Comprehensive Course (総合学科 / Sōgō Gakka)

  • Focus: Mix of general and elective subjects.
  • Purpose: Let students explore personal interests (technology, arts, welfare, business).

Schools:

土岐紅陵高校 (Toki Kōryō HS)・恵那南高校 (Ena Minami HS)

4. Specialized Courses (専門科 / Senmon-ka)

These schools offer more career-focused programs. Students gain practical skills while still studying basic academics.

5. Commerce Course (商業科 / Shōgyō-ka)

  • Focus: Business, accounting, marketing, and commerce.
  • Purpose: For students interested in business careers or starting their own enterprise.

Schools:

東濃実業高校 (Tōnō Jitsugyō HS)・土岐商業高校 (Toki Shōgyō HS)・中津商業高校 (Nakatsu Shōgyō HS)

6. Industrial / Engineering Course (工業科 / Kōgyō-ka)

  • Focus: Engineering, design, mechanics, and industrial technology.
  • Purpose: Hands-on learning for careers in manufacturing, construction, and technical fields.

Schools:

可児工業高校 (Kani Kōgyō HS)・多治見工業高校 (Tajimi Kōgyō HS)・中津川工業高校 (Nakatsugawa Kōgyō HS)

7. Agriculture & Food Science (農業科・食品 / Nōgyō-ka, Shokuhin)

  • Focus: Agriculture, animal care, forestry, and food production.
  • Purpose: Preparing for careers in agriculture, the environment, or the food industries.

Schools:

加茂農林高校 (Kamo Nōrin HS)・恵那農業高校 (Ena Nōgyō HS)

8. Welfare & Childcare (福祉・保育 / Fukushi, Hoiku)

  • Focus: Nursing, caregiving, childcare, social work.
  • Purpose: For students aiming to work in welfare, childcare, or health-related fields.

Schools:

岐阜各務野高校 (Gifu Kakamino HS)・坂下高校 (Sakashita HS)

9. Information Technology (情報 / Jōhō)

  • Focus: IT, programming, digital skills.
  • Purpose: Training future IT professionals.

Schools:

岐阜各務野高校 (Gifu Kakamino HS)

10. Arts & Music (美術・音楽 / Bijutsu, Ongaku)

  • Focus: Fine arts, design, painting, sculpture, and music.
  • Purpose: For creative students pursuing artistic or performance careers.

Schools:

加納高校 (Kanō HS) ※ Also has a special entrance for returnee/foreign students

11. International & English (国際・英語 / Kokusai, Eigo)

  • Focus: Global studies, English, and cross-cultural communication.
  • Purpose: Preparing students for global careers, international universities, or language-focused jobs.

Schools:

岐阜商業高校 (Gifu Shōgyō HS)

12. Design (デザイン / Dezain)

  • Focus: Product design, industrial design, creative design skills.
  • Purpose: Combines technical skills and creativity for careers in the design industries.

Schools:

東濃実業高校 (Tōnō Jitsugyō HS)・多治見工業高校 (Tajimi Kōgyō HS)

13. Specialized Arts (美術デザイン・工芸) at Local Schools

  • Focus: Crafts, visual design, and applied arts.
  • Purpose: Nurtures creativity for those who want to enter artistic industries.

Schools:

瑞浪高校 (Mizunami HS)

In summary:

  • 普通科 (General) → broad academics, university path.
  • 理数科 (Science/Math) → science-heavy, good for STEM careers.
  • 総合学科 (Comprehensive) → mix + electives, career exploration.
  • 専門科 (Specialized) → practical, career-focused (business, tech, agriculture, arts, welfare).

What makes Japan’s high school system unique is that students are encouraged to think not only about “where” to study but also about “what” to study. By reflecting on their interests and long-term dreams, they can select the academic course that will best prepare them for the future.

And as a foreign mom living here in Japan, I know how overwhelming it can feel to navigate the school system and choose the right path for our children. But understanding the different high school tracks and thinking about your child’s interests and strengths is such an important first step. Every choice they make now will help guide them toward the future they dream of, and as a parent, being there to support and encourage them makes all the difference.

So before choosing a high school, it’s essential to start by understanding the schools available near you, thinking about the career they want in the future, and considering which academic program or track fits their interests and goals. Taking the time to reflect on these questions will help you and your child make informed choices that align with their aspirations.

Evening and Public Correspondence High Schools Nearby

If you’re exploring high school options nearby, it’s essential to understand the various evening and public correspondence high schools available. These schools offer flexible learning schedules to accommodate students who may be working or have other commitments during the day.

Evening High Schools (定時制高校)

Evening high schools are designed for students who wish to work during the day and attend school in the evening. They provide the same curriculum as full-time schools but with adjusted schedules.

Many evening high schools offer school meals, and some students attend these schools while working during the day.

Public Correspondence High Schools (公立通信制高校)

Public correspondence high schools are designed for students who cannot attend school regularly due to various reasons, such as distance or personal circumstances. These schools offer a flexible learning environment that combines self-study with periodic attendance.

These schools offer a unique opportunity for students to earn their high school diploma while balancing other aspects of their lives.

Specialized Vocational Schools with High School Programs（高校課程のある専修学校）

In addition to regular high schools, there are specialized vocational schools that offer high school-level programs. These schools allow students to earn their high school diploma while gaining practical skills and specialized knowledge in various fields. They are a great option for students who have a clear interest in a specific career path and want hands-on learning from an early stage.

Department and Major Schools（学科と主な学校）:

Some vocational schools also allow students to earn a high school diploma, meaning graduates can continue on to higher education if they wish. These schools provide a unique combination of academic learning and practical, career-focused training, helping students prepare for specialized careers while completing their high school education.

Further information is available on the websites of the Gifu Prefectural Board of Education and the Gifu Prefectural General Education Center.

Private High Schools in Aichi Prefecture

Private high schools (私立高校 shiritsu kōkō) are open to students regardless of where they live. This means students from Tajimi can also attend them. Since Aichi is close to Tajimi, many students choose to commute to private schools there.

Here’s a list of major private high schools in Aichi:

Aichi Sangyo University Technical High School (愛知産業大学工業高等学校)

Aichi Mizuho University Mizuho High School (愛知みずほ大学瑞穂高等学校)

Kikuka High School (菊華高等学校)

Kinjo Gakuin High School (金城学院高等学校)

Shigakukan High School (至学館高等学校)

Daido University Daido High School (大同大学大同高等学校)

Tokai High School (東海高等学校)

Toho High School (東邦高等学校)

Nagoya High School (名古屋高等学校)

Nagoya Keizai University Ichimura High School (名古屋経済大学市邨高等学校)

Nagoya Technical High School (名古屋工業高等学校)

AikodaiMeiden High School (愛知工業大学名電高等学校)

Aichi Shukutoku High School (愛知淑徳高等学校)

Ouka Gakuen High School (桜花学園高等学校)

Kyoei High School (享栄高等学校)

Keimei Gakkan High School (啓明学館高等学校)

Sugiyama Jogakuen High School (椙山女学園高等学校)

Chukyo University Chukyo High School (中京大学附属中京高等学校)

Tokai Gakuen High School (東海学園高等学校)

Doho High School (同朋高等学校)

Nagoya Otani High School (名古屋大谷高等学校)

Nagoya Keizai University Takakura High School (名古屋経済大学高蔵高等学校)

Nagoya Women’s University High School (名古屋女子大学高等学校)

Nanzan High School (南山高等学校)

Meijo University Affiliated High School (名城大学附属高等学校)

Aichi Keisei High School (愛知啓成高等学校)

Eitoku High School (栄徳高等学校)

St. Capitanio Girls’ High School (聖カピタニオ女子高等学校)

Seishin High School (誠信高等学校)

Seirei High School (聖霊高等学校)

Taki High School (滝高等学校)

Chubu University Haruhigaoka High School (中部大学春日丘高等学校)

Homare High School (誉高等学校)

Many of these schools offer specialized programs, such as English immersion, international studies, music, art, technology, and sports. They often provide more flexibility and unique opportunities compared to public schools.

With so many paths available, what matters most is finding the school that feels right for our child’s personality, interests, and future dreams. In Gifu and nearby schools in Aichi offer wonderful opportunities to learn, grow, and prepare for a bright future.

For more information, please visit this website: Aichi Shigaku

Getting to High School: Transportation Options for Students

In Japan, how students get to high school is an important part of daily life. Each school has its own rules, but here are the most common ways students commute:

Walking

  • If you live close to the school, walking is the simplest option.
  • No extra cost, no need for transportation passes.

Bicycle

  • Almost every high school allows students to bike to school.
  • Some schools have bicycle parking lots (sometimes with a small usage fee).
  • Bicycles are a popular choice for students who live within a reasonable distance.

Public Transportation (Bus & Train)

  • Many students take trains or buses, especially if their chosen high school is in another city.
  • Students can apply for student commuter passes (学生割引 / gakuwari), which give a big discount compared to buying tickets every day.
  • Example:
    • A regular round-trip ticket from Tajimi Station to Nagoya Station costs about 1,360 yen per day.
    • Over one month (30 days), that’s around 40,800 yen.
    • But with a 6-month student commuter pass, the monthly average becomes only 7,520 yen — a big savings!

School Buses (Private High Schools Only)

  • Some private high schools have their own school buses.
  • This usually requires an annual contract and extra payment.
  • The fee depends on distance — the farther you live, the higher the cost; the closer you are, the cheaper it is.

Not Allowed: Motorbikes & Cars

  • High schools in Japan strictly do not allow students to commute by motorcycle or car for safety and insurance reasons.

Important Notes

  • Every high school has its own commuting rules and systems, so always check directly with the school.
  • Commuting is a big part of student life — choosing the best option depends on distance, cost, and convenience.
  • Since Tajimi is very close to Aichi Prefecture, many students from Tajimi actually attend private high schools in Aichi and commute daily.

This way, parents and students can clearly see the different transportation options, costs, and rules before deciding on a school.

Understanding High School Costs in Japan

When planning for high school, it’s not only important to think about which school or program your child will attend, but also about the expenses involved. Costs can vary greatly depending on whether the school is public or private, and whether your child is in a full-time (day), part-time (evening), or correspondence (distance learning) program.

Here’s a simple breakdown:

Public High Schools (Kōritsu / 公立)

Full-time (Day Program – 全日制)

  • Entrance Examination Fee: about ¥2,000
  • Admission Fee: about ¥5,650
  • Annual Tuition: around ¥150,000 (roughly ¥9,900 per month)

Part-time (Evening Program – 定時制)

  • Entrance Examination Fee: about ¥950
  • Admission Fee: about ¥2,100
  • Annual Tuition: around ¥60,000 (about ¥2,700 per month)

Correspondence (通信制)

  • Entrance Examination Fee: about ¥500
  • Tuition: about ¥310 per credit (students pay depending on the number of subjects/credits they take)

Private High Schools (Shiritsu / 私立)

Costs for private schools vary widely depending on the school.

Full-time (Day Program)

  • Entrance Examination Fee: about ¥13,000
  • Admission Fee: ¥30,000 – ¥200,000
  • Annual Tuition: typically ¥400,000 – ¥1,000,000+

Correspondence (通信制)

  • Entrance Examination Fee: around ¥20,000+
  • Admission Fee: about ¥50,000
  • Tuition: ¥6,000 – ¥9,000 per credit

Other Costs to Keep in Mind

School-related expenses don’t stop at tuition. Families also need to budget for:

  • Uniforms – Costs vary depending on the school; some schools do not require uniforms.
  • School Trips (Shūgaku Ryokō) – Overnight or long-distance school trips, which can add ¥100,000+.
  • Club Activities – Sports, arts, or cultural clubs may require additional fees.
  • Textbooks, supplies, and transportation – These can add up over the year.

Key Takeaways for Parents

  • Public schools are generally much more affordable than private schools, both for entrance and monthly tuition.
  • Private schools often provide more diverse programs, facilities, or special courses, but families should be prepared for significantly higher costs.
  • Check each school’s admission guide carefully. Costs, rules, and additional fees vary by school.

Planning ahead is essential. Knowing the approximate costs helps families avoid surprises and make the best decision for their child’s future.

High School Tuition Support System in Japan

One of the biggest concerns for families when thinking about high school is tuition fees. To make education more accessible, the Japanese government has a program called the High School Tuition Support Fund (就学支援金制度). This system helps reduce or even completely cover the cost of tuition, depending on the family’s income and the type of school.

How It Works

  • Public High Schools (県立・市立高校)

    If a student qualifies for this support, tuition is essentially free. Families don’t need to pay the standard tuition fees, which can be a huge relief.
  • Private High Schools (私立高校)

    Families can also receive tuition support, but the amount depends on their household income. In addition to the national support, many prefectures (for example, Gifu Prefecture) provide extra financial aid if the student attends a school in the same prefecture. This means that for some families, even private school tuition can be almost fully covered.

Example of Tuition Assistance for Private High Schools

In Japan, families can receive significant help when sending their children to private high schools. For instance, under the current Private High School Tuition Support Fund System (私立高等学校授業料実質無償化制度), the government provides tuition assistance based on household income.

According to the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT, 文部科学省), families with an annual household income of about ¥5.9 million or less can receive up to ¥396,000–¥594,000 per year in tuition support, depending on the prefecture. This financial aid is not given directly to parents; instead, the government pays the support amount directly to the school, which reduces the tuition fee burden for families.

For example, in Aichi Prefecture, qualifying families can receive up to ¥444,000 per year in tuition assistance for private high school education. This ensures that even if a child attends a private school, their parents are not left struggling alone with the financial costs.

How to Apply

For New Students

  • When your child enters a private high school (typically in April, the start of Japan’s school year), the school will provide you with an application guideline during the enrollment procedure period.
  • These documents will explain the steps, deadlines, and what paperwork you need to prepare.
  • Since April 2020, part of the application can also be submitted online, making the process more convenient.

For Currently Enrolled Students

  • Around July, the school will give you a notice about when you need to submit your family’s annual income statement.
  • If you have already completed the procedure using your parents’ or legal guardian’s My Number (マイナンバー) and are currently receiving support, you do not need to resubmit the same documents—unless there have been changes (such as a new guardian or updated household status).
  • This revision applies to schools that are already eligible for the support funds.
  • Even students who entered high school before the 2020 school year are included in this updated system.
  • However, students who were receiving funding under the 2013 system or earlier are not eligible under the new revisions.

Source: Eligibility Criteria for Tuition Assistance (Private High Schools)

In Japan, the amount of tuition assistance you can receive for private high school is based on your household’s municipal and prefectural inhabitant taxes (住民税 / jūminzei). These taxes are determined by your family’s income from the previous year. Instead of looking at your “salary number” directly, the government calculates support by checking how much local tax your household pays.

This ensures fairness, because two families with the same income may have different deductions (for example, children, spouse, or other dependents).

Criteria Before July 2020 (Old System)

From April to June 2020 (same as the 2019 school year), tuition support was decided by the total income-based levy of prefectural and municipal inhabitant taxes for both parents combined.

  • If your combined inhabitant tax was less than ¥257,500:
    You could receive up to ¥396,000 per year (equivalent to households with an income of around ¥5.9 million or less).
  • If your combined inhabitant tax was ¥257,500 or more (around ¥9.1 million household income):
    You could still receive assistance, but at a lower amount of ¥118,800 per year.

To check this, parents had to look at their Residence Tax Notice (住民税決定通知書) or Residence Tax Certificate (課税証明書), which shows how much prefectural and municipal inhabitant tax you were charged.

New Criteria Since July 2020 (Current System)

From July 2020 onward, a new formula was introduced.

The amount of funding is determined by this calculation:

Municipal inhabitant tax “income basis” × 6% – Adjusted deduction

  • If the result is less than ¥154,500:
    You may receive the maximum assistance of ¥396,000 per year.
  • If the result is ¥154,500 or more (equivalent to a household income of around ¥9.1 million):
    You may still qualify for ¥118,800 per year in support.

You can now check your family’s tax data more easily using MynaPortal (マイナポータル) if you have a My Number Card. This makes it simpler than searching through paper notices.

Reference: Household Income Guidelines (Examples)

The government provides examples of how different family situations affect eligibility. Here are some cases (based on private high school students, full-time):

  • One parent works, 2 high school children
    • Max support (¥396,000): income up to around ¥6.4 million
    • Reduced support (¥118,800): income up to around ¥9.5 million
  • Both parents work, 2 children (high school & junior high)
    • Max support: income up to around ¥6.6 million
    • Reduced support: income up to around ¥10.3 million
  • Both parents work, 2 high school children
    • Max support: income up to around ¥7.2 million
    • Reduced support: income up to around ¥10.7 million
  • Both parents work, 2 children (university & high school)
    • Max support: income up to around ¥7.4 million
    • Reduced support: income up to around ¥10.9 million

These examples show that support is not just for low-income households. Even middle-income families can qualify, especially if they are raising multiple children.

Why This Matters for Us Foreign Parents

For many of us, reading tax documents in Japanese can feel intimidating. But this tuition support system exists to make sure that no child is left behind because of tuition costs. Whether you’re raising one child or several, the Japanese government recognizes the financial weight on families and has adjusted the system to be more flexible since 2020.

The key is to:

  1. Check your Residence Tax Notice every year (or use MynaPortal).
  2. Talk to your child’s school office—they will guide you through the exact documents and deadlines.
  3. Apply on time—usually in April for new students, and July for continuing students.

With this support, even private high schools—known for their unique programs and opportunities—can become a realistic option for our children.

Source:

文部科学省 (MEXT) – 高等学校等就学支援金制度 (High School Tuition Support Fund Program)

This money is not paid directly to parents, but instead goes from the government to the school to reduce the tuition bills.

What This Means for Families

  • For public schools, tuition is basically free if you qualify.
  • For private schools: depending on your income and prefectural support, tuition can be greatly reduced, and in some cases, almost free.

Important Notes

  • Each school will provide detailed information after enrollment, so families should carefully check the documents sent from the school.
  • The amount of support may vary slightly by prefecture, so it’s important to confirm with the high school you’re considering.

High School Tuition Support Fund (就学支援金制度) – Q&A

Q1. What changed compared to the old system?

Before the new system:

  • There was a big financial gap between students attending public high schools (with cheaper tuition) and those attending private high schools (much more expensive).
  • Low-income families still carried a heavy burden, making it difficult for their children to access private schools.

With the new system (since April 2014):

  • Families whose municipal resident tax income-based levy (市町村民税所得割額) is ¥304,200 or more per year must pay tuition on their own (they are considered high-income households).
  • For private high school students, the government expanded the tuition support (加算制度) so that children can choose their preferred path regardless of family income.

What this means for parents: The goal is to reduce the gap between public and private school costs, giving children from all income levels more equal opportunities to choose a school that fits their goals.

Q2. Who is eligible for support?

Eligible students include those attending:

  • National, public, and private high schools (full-time, part-time, or correspondence).
  • The upper division of integrated secondary schools (中等教育学校後期課程).
  • The upper division of special needs schools (特別支援学校高等部).
  • Colleges of technology (高等専門学校) for 1st–3rd year students.
  • Specialized training schools (専修学校高等課程).
  • Certain other schools provide national qualification training programs.

Also eligible:

  • Students studying at overseas Japanese high schools (在外教育施設高等部) that are officially accredited by the Minister of Education (文部科学大臣).

Not eligible:

  • Students who have already graduated from high school.
  • Students who have been enrolled longer than the standard years:
    • Over 3 years (for full-time)
    • Over 4 years (for part-time or correspondence).
  • Students in advanced or special courses (専攻科・別科), auditors (聴講生), or single-subject learners (科目履修生).
  • Students from households with municipal resident tax income-based levy of ¥304,200 or more (roughly equivalent to an annual household income of around ¥9.1 million or above).

What this means for parents: Almost all regular high school students, including those in evening or correspondence schools, are covered—as long as the family income meets the criteria.

Q3. How do you apply for the tuition support fund?

To receive tuition support:

  1. Students must submit an application form (申請書), distributed through their school.
  2. They must also submit a tax certificate (課税証明書), issued at their city or town office, to prove household income.

For new students entering high school:

  • Applications are usually submitted in April of the enrollment year.
  • The submission process may vary slightly depending on the prefecture, so families need to check the details with their child’s school.

What this means for parents: You don’t apply directly to the government; instead, the school gives you the forms and guides you through the process. The most important document is your tax certificate, so be sure to request it from your local ward/city office early.

Q4. Who receives the tuition support money?

The support money is not given directly to the student or parents. Instead:

  • The school (or school operator)—such as a prefectural government for public schools, or a school foundation for private schools—receives the money on behalf of the student.
  • The funds are directly applied to tuition fees.

Important: Parents must still pay the difference between the school’s tuition and the support amount.

  • Some schools first ask parents to pay the full tuition and later refund the support amount once it is processed.

What this means for parents: Don’t expect cash in hand. The system reduces the tuition bill, but depending on your school, you may need to pay first and get reimbursed later.

Q5. Are there any other forms of support for high school students besides tuition support?

Yes. Besides this tuition support system, there are:

  1. High School Student Scholarship Benefits (高校生等奨学給付金):
    • This program helps low-income households cover non-tuition expenses (like textbooks, school supplies, transportation, etc.).
    • The exact benefits vary by prefecture, since this system is run by prefectural governments with national support.
  2. Prefectural or municipal tuition reductions:
    • Some prefectures or cities also provide their own tuition reduction programs based on family income.
    • These are separate from the national tuition support fund.

What this means for parents: If your family struggles with not just tuition but also the cost of uniforms, textbooks, and other expenses, check with your prefecture. Many areas provide extra financial help beyond the national program.

The Ministry of Education (MEXT) website lists the prefectural offices where families can inquire about additional support:
MEXT official page – High School Tuition Support System

So when choosing a high school, don’t let tuition worries hold you back. With the Tuition Support Fund, education is more affordable than many families realize. Both public and private schools offer different levels of help, so take time to explore your options and ask each school about its financial support system.

Understanding High School Entrance Exams in Japan

Choosing a high school also means preparing for the entrance exams, which differ between public and private schools. Here’s a simple breakdown:

Public High Schools (within Gifu Prefecture)

Public high schools hold their entrance exams on the same dates across the prefecture, so students can only apply to one school at a time.

Types of Exams:

  • First Round (一次選抜)
    • A standardized entrance exam with the same test content across Gifu Prefecture.
    • Most students take this exam.
  • Second Round (二次選抜)
    • For schools or departments that still have open spots after the first round.
    • Students who did not pass the first round may apply here.
    • Not all schools offer this second exam—only those with unfilled seats.

Both full-time (全日制) and part-time (定時制) schools have first and second round exams.

Private High Schools (within or outside the prefecture)

Private high schools have more flexibility and different application types.

Types of Applications:

  • Recommendation (推薦入試)
    • Requires a recommendation letter from the student’s junior high school principal.
    • Often considers not only test scores but also character and school life.
  • Single Application (単願入試)
    • The student applies to one private school only.
    • Usually means a stronger commitment to enroll if accepted.
  • Combined Application (併願入試)
    • The student applies to both a public school and a private school.
    • If accepted by both, they can still choose the public option.

Students usually decide between single or combined applications after discussing with their teachers and family.

Key Points for Families

  • Public schools → one unified exam date, one school choice at a time.
  • Private schools → more flexible, with options like recommendation, single, or combined applications.
  • If a student doesn’t pass the first round of a public high school exam, there is still a chance in the second round (if seats are available).
  • Decisions are best made in consultation with teachers, who know the student’s academic level and strengths.

2025 Public High School Entrance Exams in Gifu

The First Selection (Ichiji Senbatsu) – Step by Step Guide

Public high school entrance exams in Gifu are organized in a very structured way. Here’s the process for the First Selection Exam, which is the main chance for most students to get into high school.

 Step 1: School Visits (July – October, 2025)
  • Each high school sets specific days when visitors are allowed.
  • Students and parents can come to see the school, classrooms, and facilities, and get a feeling for the school’s atmosphere.
  • Because the number of open days is limited, it’s best to choose 2–3 schools you are interested in and plan ahead.
  • In the 3rd year of junior high school, your teachers will give you information and guidance about these visits.

Tip: Think about which schools you’d like to see before your teacher makes the announcement, so you’re ready to join.

Step 2: Application Period (February 6 – 12, 2025)
  • Students can apply to only one public high school.
  • You will fill out an official application form (with the help of your junior high school teacher).
  • This is your formal decision on which school you want to take the entrance exam for.
Step 3: Change Period (February 13 – 17, 2025)
  • If you change your mind after submitting your application, there is a short period to switch your choice of school.
  • Once this deadline passes, no more changes are allowed.
Step 4: Entrance Exam (March 4, 2025)
  • All public high schools in Gifu give the same test.
  • Subjects tested:
    • Japanese
    • Mathematics
    • English
    • Science
    • Social Studies
  • Depending on the school, there may also be an essay and/or an interview in addition to the written test.
Step 5: Results & Acceptance (March 13, 2025)
  • Exam results are announced.
  • On the same day, some schools also hold an orientation meeting for newly accepted students and their families.

Special Support for International Students

  • Students who came to Japan within the past 3 years:
    → If you apply in advance, you may be allowed to take a special version of the exam.
  • Students who came to Japan within the past 6 years:
    → If you apply in advance, the exam papers can include hiragana (phonetic guides) alongside difficult kanji, to make the test easier to read.

Key Points to Remember

  • You can only apply to one public high school in the First Selection.
  • Pay close attention to deadlines for applications and changes.
  • Visit schools early to help you decide where you want to go.
  • Ask your teachers for help—they will guide you through the process.
  • International students have extra support options, but you need to apply for them in advance.

This way, parents and students can clearly see the timeline and what’s expected at each stage.

 Important Notice: High School Entrance Exams Will Now Use Online Applications (WEB Application)

Starting this year, the application process for high school entrance exams will move entirely online (WEB Application).

This means that students and parents can apply directly to their chosen high school using a computer, smartphone, or tablet through a dedicated website.

Previously, applications were done using paper forms. From this year onward, the entire process will be handled online.

With the new online system, you will be able to:

  1. Register personal information
    • Student name, parent/guardian name, home address, and other basic details.
  2. Submit and update your application
    • You can apply to a school and, if necessary, make changes to your chosen school or program within the designated period.
  3. Pay the entrance examination fee
    • Payment can be made online using methods such as credit card, convenience store payment, or other accepted services.
  4. Receive and print your examination admission ticket
    • Once your application is complete, you will be able to download and print your official admission ticket at home.
  5. Check your exam results online
    • After the exams, you can log in to the dedicated website to confirm whether you passed or not.

In short, all steps—from applying to confirming results—can now be completed online from the comfort of your home.

High School Online Entrance Exam

Here’s the typical flow of the high school entrance exam process under the new online system:

  1. Application Period
    • Students and parents fill out and submit the online application form.
  2. Application Change Period
    • If a student wishes to change their preferred school or course, they can do so within this timeframe through the website.
  3. Payment of Examination Fees
    • Complete the payment online using available payment methods.
  4. Issuance of Examination Ticket
    • Download and print your exam admission ticket at home. This ticket must be brought on the day of the exam.
  5. Entrance Examination
    • Students take the entrance exam at the school, bringing their printed admission ticket.
  6. Announcement of Results
    • Log in to the dedicated website to check the acceptance results.

Important: Exact dates and deadlines will be announced by each high school and the local Board of Education. Please confirm the official schedule once it is released.

For Parents and Students: What You Need to Prepare

  • Ensure you have access to a computer, smartphone, or tablet with an internet connection.
  • Prepare a valid email address that you can use for registration and notifications.
  • Make sure you have access to a printer, since the examination ticket must be printed and brought to the test.
  • Keep track of all deadlines carefully. Missing an online deadline may result in not being able to take the exam.
  • If you are unsure about how to use the online system, please attend school briefings or check the official guides provided by the school or the education board.

Private High School Entrance Exams in Japan

Private high school entrance exams (私立入試, shiritsu nyūshi) are slightly different from public school exams, both in timing and in the application process. They often take place earlier than public school exams, so students need to prepare in advance.

General Timeline for Private School Exams

  • Early January → Application period begins. Students fill out and submit their application forms.
  • Mid-January to early February → Entrance exams take place.
  • After exams, → Test results (pass/fail) are announced, and middle schools are notified of the results.

Exam Details

  • Application → Students submit their application form directly to the school.
  • Subjects → Typically include Japanese, Mathematics, English, Science, and Social Studies.
  • Other requirements → Some schools also conduct interviews or essay writing.
  • Results → Schools announce results and notify the student’s middle school.

Key Points About Private School Exams

  • Multiple Applications Allowed (if schedules don’t overlap)

    Students can apply to more than one private high school, as long as the exam dates are different. This gives families more options and flexibility.
  • Earlier Preparation is Needed

    Since private school exams take place before public school exams, students need to prepare earlier. Applications often start in January, compared to public school exams in March.
  • School Visits (Observation/Orientation)
    • For public schools, only 3rd-year junior high students (and their parents) can attend official school visits.
    • For private schools, even 1st-year or 2nd-year students (and their parents) are allowed to visit. This helps families start planning early. You can check each school’s homepage for schedules and opportunities to visit.
  • Recommendation Exams (推薦入試, suisen nyūshi)
    • Private schools often offer recommendation-based entrance exams, which usually require fewer exam subjects compared to general exams.
    • In most cases, recommendation applications are single-choice only (単願, tangwan), meaning the student commits to that one school if accepted.
    • The middle school will submit a school report based on the students’ grades up to the first semester of 3rd year.
  • Multiple Chances with Private Schools

    Because private schools set their own exam dates, students can try for several schools as long as the dates don’t overlap. This increases the chance of finding a good match.

Private school entrance exams happen earlier than public ones, so students and parents need to plan ahead. Applications begin in January, and exams take place by February. Students can apply to multiple schools (if dates allow), and recommendation exams may offer easier subject requirements, but usually require full commitment to one school. Visiting schools early—sometimes as early as 1st year of junior high—is encouraged so families can make informed choices.

Private vs. Public High School Entrance Exams in Japan

FeaturePrivate High Schools (私立高校)Public High Schools (公立高校)
Exam TimingJanuary to early February (earlier)Early to mid-March (later)
ApplicationSubmit directly to each schoolSubmit through junior high school
Subjects TestedJapanese, Math, English, Science, Social Studies (varies by school)Japanese, Math, English, Science, Social Studies (set by prefecture)
Interviews / EssaysOften requiredLater, compared to private, the focus starts around the 3rd year
Recommendation ExamsAvailable, fewer subjects, usually single-choice (commitment required)Available, but still tied to prefectural rules
Multiple ApplicationsAllowed if exam dates don’t overlapSometimes required, depending on the prefecture
School VisitsOpen to all grades (JHS 1st–3rd year)Mostly limited to JHS 3rd-year students & parents
Preparation TimingMust start early (from 1st–2nd year JHS is ideal)Later, compared to private, the focus starts around the 3rd year
CompetitionDepends on school reputation & popularityDepends on prefectural quota and demand
Announcement of ResultsEarly (February)Later (March)

At a glance:

  • Private schools → earlier exams, more flexibility (apply to several schools if dates don’t clash), and school visits available from JHS 1st year.
  • Public schools → later exams, stricter application rules, and usually just one main chance.

How High School Entrance Exams Are Evaluated in Japan

High school entrance exams in Japan are not judged only by the test results on the exam day. Schools use a combination of the written test scores and the student’s school record (調査書 – chōsasho) to decide admissions.

Typical Evaluation Ratios

Different high schools place different weights on tests vs. school records. For example:

  • 70% Test + 30% School Record → Test scores are the most important factor, but grades still count.
  • 60% Test + 40% School Record → Balanced evaluation between exams and school performance.
  • 30% Test + 70% School Record → School record is more important; consistent effort over three years matters most.

This means that studying for the entrance exam is important, but daily effort in junior high school—such as grades, attendance, and attitude—can strongly influence admission chances.

What is included in the School Record (調査書)?

The school record is prepared by the junior high school and submitted to the high school. It usually contains:

  1. Grades – Academic results from junior high school (especially 3rd-year, but often includes 1st–2nd year too).
  2. Attendance – Number of absences, tardies, and early leaves.
  3. Behavior & Attitude – Participation in class, effort, and responsibility.
  4. Clubs & Activities – Contributions to sports, music, arts, or student council.
  5. Special Achievements – Awards, certifications, or other recognitions.
  6. Teacher’s Comments – Overall evaluation of character, effort, and potential.

Entrance exams are not only about one test day. Your everyday effort in junior high school—grades, attendance, attitude, and activities—can be just as important as the exam itself, depending on the school.

So as stated above, evaluation is not based only on the test results taken on the exam day. Your entire three years of junior high school life are reflected in what is called the 調査書 (chōsasho – student record/report).

This report includes:

  • Classroom activities – participation in lessons, attitude, and behavior in class.
  • Student council activities – if you were a member or participated in leadership roles.
  • School events – involvement in festivals, sports days, cultural activities, etc.
  • Club activities – what club(s) you joined, how long you participated, and your achievements.
  • Behavior in school life overall – responsibility, cooperation, kindness, and discipline.
  • Outstanding achievements – such as competition results, essay contests, or awards.

Even small things like:

  • Submitting assignments on time,
  • Actively answering questions in class,
  • Effort shown in projects,
  • Participation in extracurriculars, all written into the record.

High schools then use this report along with your test results to evaluate you. For example:

  • Some schools weigh the exam at 70% and the report at 30%,
  • Others may give the exam 30% and the report 70%,
  • Or an even balance, like 60% exam and 40% report.

This means that your effort from the 1st year of junior high until the 3rd year really matters, not just the final exam. Everything you’ve done consistently—studies, behavior, activities—becomes part of your application.

Finally, schools encourage students:

Start preparing today. Even small efforts like paying attention in class, submitting homework, or participating in school life will directly help in high school entrance exams.

Every step you take in junior high builds your future. What may feel like small efforts now—raising your hand in class, studying for small quizzes, participating in activities—can all add up and open doors to the high school you dream of.

Application for Entrance Exams for Foreign Students and Returnee Students

(What documents are needed and what to prepare)

Who is eligible?

  • Foreign students (foreign nationality):
    • Must have lived abroad for 2 or more consecutive years, and
    • Must have been in Japan for 3 years or less (must show proof).
  • Returnee students (Japanese nationality):
    • Must have lived abroad for 2 or more consecutive years, and
    • Must have returned to Japan within the past 2 years (must show proof).

Documents required:

  1. Proof of entry and exit history
  2. Proof of residence in Japan
    • A document showing the student lives (or will certainly live) in the prefecture with their guardian.
  3. For students who came to Japan within 6 years
    • When submitting the same required documents, these students will also be allowed to use furigana (phonetic reading aids for kanji) on exam papers. This helps them read difficult kanji.

Additional preparation:

  • Residence card copy (在留カード or alien registration card)
  • Self-addressed return envelope
    • Size: 12 cm × 23.5 cm
    • Must have your address written on it
    • Must have a 530 yen stamp attached (for registered mail).

Timeline:

  • Application submission to the prefectural office:
    • From November 1 (Friday) to December 20 (Friday), Reiwa 6 (2024).
  • When to start preparing:
    • Start gathering documents by September of the entrance exam year.
    • It’s best to finish preparations by October, since getting documents like immigration records may take time.

Advice:

  • If your child qualifies (came to Japan within 3 years as a foreign student, or within 2 years as a returnee), start preparing documents now.
  • It can be difficult to prepare suddenly, so check early.
  • Speak with your junior high school teachers as soon as possible—they can help guide you with the process.

In short, if your child is a foreigner who came to Japan within 3 years, or a Japanese returnee who came back within 2 years, they may be eligible for a special entrance exam. But they need to prepare official documents (residence proof, immigration entry/exit records, residence card, envelope with stamp, etc.) early, ideally by October, before the application period starts in November.

About Entrance Examinations for Foreign Students

  • Each school accepts around 3 students under this category.
  • The first selection test usually consists of:
    • Three subjects: Japanese (Kokugo), Math, and English
    • Plus an interview and a written essay.
  • The exam papers include furigana (readings for kanji) to support students.
  • For Japanese (Kokugo), there is a special version of the test prepared.
  • All exams are conducted in Japanese.
  • In some cases, instead of the standard 3-subject academic test, the school may prepare its own special academic test for foreign students.

Other Types of Entrance Examinations in Japan

Aside from the general entrance exams, there are also other types of admission systems, depending on the school.

  • Private High Schools (私立高校 / Shiritsu Kōkō)

    Private schools often create their own unique entrance examination systems. Because of this, the requirements and exams may differ from school to school. It’s very important to carefully read each school’s pamphlet or official website to understand the details.
  • Evening High Schools (定時制高校 / Teijisei Kōkō)

    Some evening or part-time high schools also have their own special entrance exams. For example, in this area, Kamo High School’s evening program has its own system.
  • Public High Schools Outside Your Prefecture (県外の公立高校 / Kengai no Kōritsu Kōkō)

    Normally, public high schools are for students living within the same prefecture. However, it’s not impossible to enter a public high school in another prefecture. If there are certain conditions, such as planning to move or relocate, you may be allowed to take the entrance exam there.
  • Finding the Right High School for You

    The best step is to consult with your junior high school teachers. They can help you collect the right information and guide you toward the high school that best fits your needs and situation.

In short, there isn’t just one path to high school in Japan. With private schools, evening programs, and even the possibility of studying outside your prefecture (under certain conditions), students and parents have several options. The key is to research well and seek advice from trusted teachers.

Walking This Journey Together

As foreign parents raising our children in Japan, the road to high school can sometimes feel like walking through a maze. There are forms to complete, systems to understand, deadlines that seem confusing, and choices that feel heavier than we expected. It’s natural to feel overwhelmed and even doubt whether we are doing things the “right” way. But let me gently remind you—we are not alone in this journey.

Every time we sit with a dictionary or a translation app late at night, every time we ask teachers for clarification, every time we encourage our children to keep going—we are already doing something extraordinary. These small acts are not just tasks; they are expressions of love. And that love is far more powerful than any exam or grade.

The Japanese education system may look complicated at first, but with patience, persistence, and the support of schools and teachers, we will find a place where our children can learn, grow, and truly shine. Our children’s journey is not only about passing exams—it’s about discovering who they are, building resilience, and reaching for dreams that are uniquely theirs.

So, let’s choose courage over fear. Let’s see each challenge as a stepping stone, not just for our children’s bright future, but for our own growth as parents living far from home. Though our paths may differ, we share the same hope—to give our children the best chance to thrive, in Japan and beyond.

Take heart, dear parents. Whether your child enters a public high school, a private one, or even follows a nontraditional path, the most important thing is that we are standing beside them—encouraging, guiding, and believing in them every step of the way. That love and support, more than anything else, is the true measure of success.

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